Part A: Foundation of Business

Unit 1: Evolution and Fundamentals of Business

1) History of Trade and Commerce in India: Indigenous Banking System, Rise of Intermediaries, Transport, Trading Communities: Merchant Corporations, Major Trade Centres, Major Imports and
Exports, Position of Indian Sub-Continent in the World Economy.

2) Business – meaning and characteristics

3) Business, profession and employment Concept

4) Objectives of business

5) Classification of business activities – Industry and Commerce

6) Industry-types: primary, secondary, tertiary Meaning and subgroups

7) Commerce-trade: (types-internal, external; wholesale and retail) and auxiliaries to trade; (banking, insurance, transportation, warehousing, communication, and advertising) – meaning

8) Business risk-Concept

Unit 2: Forms of Business organisations

1) Sole Proprietorship-Concept, merits and limitations.

2) Partnership-Concept, types, merits and limitation of partnership, registration of a partnership firm, partnership deed. Types of partners

3) Hindu Undivided Family Business: Concept

4) Cooperative Societies-Concept, merits, and limitations

5) Company – Concept, merits and limitations; Types: Private, Public and One Person Company – Concept

6) Formation of company – stages, important documents to be used in formation of a company

7) Choice of form of business organization

Unit 3: Public, Private and Multinational Company

1) Public sector and private sector enterprises – Concept

2) Forms of public sector enterprises: Departmental Undertakings, Statutory Corporations and Government Company

3) Global Enterprises – Feature. Public private partnership – concept

Unit 4: Business Services

1) Business services – meaning and types. Banking: Types of bank accounts – savings, current, recurring, fixed deposit and multiple option deposit account

2) Banking services with particular reference to Bank Draft, Bank Overdraft, Cash credit. E-Banking meaning, Types of digital payments

3) Insurance – Principles. Types – life, health, fire and marine insurance – concept

4) Postal Service – Mail, Registered Post, Parcel, Speed Post, Courier – meaning

Unit 5: Emerging Modes of Business

1) E – business: concept, scope and benefits

Unit 6: Social Responsibility of Business and Business Ethics

1) Concept of social responsibility

2) Case of social responsibility

3) Responsibility towards owners, investors, consumers, employees, government and community

4) Role of business in environment protection

5) Business Ethics – Concept and Elements

Part B: Finance and Trade

Unit 7: Sources of Business Finance

1) Concept of business finance

2) Owners’ funds- equity shares, preferences share, retained earnings

3) Borrowed funds: debentures and bonds, loan from financial institution and commercial banks, public deposits, trade credit, Inter Corporate Deposits (ICD).

Unit 8: Small Business and Entrepreneurship Development

1) Entrepreneurship Development (ED): Concept, Characteristics and Need. Process of Entrepreneurship Development: Start-up India Scheme, ways to fund start-up. Intellectual Property Rights and Entrepreneurship

2) Small scale enterprise as defined by MSMED Act 2006 (Micro, Small and Medium Enterprise Development Act)

3) Role of small business in India with special reference to rural areas

4) Government schemes and agencies for small scale industries: National Small Industries Corporation (NSIC) and District Industrial Centre (DIC) with special reference to rural, backward areas

Unit 9: Internal Trade

1) Internal trade – meaning and types services rendered by a wholesaler and a retailer

2) Types of retail-trade-Itinerant and small scale fixed shops retailers

3) Large scale retailers-Departmental stores, chain stores – concept

4) GST (Goods and Services Tax): Concept and key-features

Unit 10: International Trade

1) International trade: concept and benefits

2) Export trade – Meaning and procedure

3) Import Trade – Meaning and procedure

4) Documents involved in International Trade; indent, letter of credit, shipping order, shipping bills, mate’s receipt (DA/DP)

5) World Trade Organization (WTO) meaning and objectives